Live vs Studio

Posted by: Tam on 26 March 2006

Lifted from Graham's thread on Carlos Kleiber's new live recording of the Beethoven 7th:

quote:

My copy turned up this morning and, wonderful as it is, I'm feeling rather short changed.

It was recorded as part of the same concert in which CK conducted the superb performance of LvB's Fourth Symphony, issued by Orfeo (the same record company) some twenty-odd years ago. So, if they were issuing the second half of the concert now, why not issue the first part as well on the same disc? Both CDs are around the 35 min mark, which is pretty poor value by anyone's standards.

Oddly enough, the technical/recording team were completely different in each half of the concert, if the booklet notes are to be believed.

The performance and sound (much 'bigger' than on the DG studio set) are, as I've said, wonderful. If you'd been there on the night and had heard these two symphonies, you'd have been utterly blown away! And yet.....

......yet, I have greater respect for the Wiener Philharmoniker studio account.

The 'live' performance shows that, in his repertoire and on the night, CK was unmatched. But the DG studio set was his attempt, achieved at great effort from himself and orchestra, to set down the 'definitive' account - something that could never be achieved in a single performance. (His 'Tristan und Isolde' is scarily good in this context - that was his last ever studio performance, but his 'Freischutz' is on a par, and that was his first ever.)

I do fear that we have lost the calibre of conductors who could reach for and, occasionally, achieve the perfection that CK reached (for me at least) in his studio work.

Oh, and on my first play through, I don't think that this live account has the divided first and second violins that makes the studio account so remarkable in the last movement.

Graham

PS This posting is in the wrong place, as only a few hardened CK nuts will bother to read it, and I'd like others to debate the bigger issue of live-vs-studio, but there we are!


I don't know whether, instinctively, people divide into 'live' and 'studio' camps in general, though clearly for some works they do. For example, Alan Blythe (the Gramophone's ring reviewer) clearly and, in my view, sometimes pigheadedly, favours a live account. The Penguin guide (and others, myself possibly included) favour the near 'perfection' that Solti delivers.

But that brings me to another point. I don't think it's simply a question of Live vs Studio. I think that there are three categories:

-Studio
-'Live'
-Really live

What distinguishes the first category from the second two is, hopefully pretty obvious (although perhaps, and I shall mention them later, there are subtleties within this too), the distinction between a recording that is ‘Live’ and one that is ‘Really Live’ is very important. Take, for example, Leonard Bernstein’s DG Beethoven symphony cycle with the VPO. Here the recordings are live, yet quite astonishingly low on noise; indeed, there is a degree of ‘perfection’ present that would make one question whether or not they were in fact done ‘live’ at all. What seems likely is that they were made from more than one performance and edited together. It is also possible (in these cases or in others) that some form of processing may have gone on in order to remove the audience. This sort of thing would seem to be fairly common practice among ‘Live’ recordings – if you look at the back of any LSO Live discs you may have you are likely to find something like “recorded on the 24th and 25th of March 2004”. Are these sorts of recordings genuinely live? Contrast, say, with Krauss’s 1953 ring cycle – given this is taken from actual broadcasts (and he only did one of the two cycles that year) what you hear is what was heard in the concert hall, plus a little extra noise due to the quality of recording. I know it’s a little pedantic to make that distinction, but it is an important one.

For the moment, I shall confine myself to Studio vs ‘Really live’. I don’t know that I prefer one or another. I love my Solti ring for the sound. Then again, the energy Krauss brings is something terribly special. The same can be said of two of my favourite Beethoven 9ths: Furtwangler at Bayreuth and Bernstein in Berlin (where the Ode to Joy becomes the Ode to Freedom in a celebration of the fall of the Berlin Wall). Then again, I’m also very fond of my Mackerras/RLPO set, which wasn’t live. As Graham suggests, in the studio you trade something of the raw energy of Live for a greater degree of perfection. (Now, to some extent I dislike using the word, since I’m not altogether sure how helpful it is. I don’t think anyone, not even Kleiber’s 7th nor Solti’s Ring, achieves it. It’s something to aspire to, not to achieve.) And as to which is better, it depends very greatly on what mood you’re in. If I want to listen to Siegfried’s funeral march or entry of the gods into Valhalla, I take Solti every day over Krauss; if I want to hear Siegfried and Brunnhilde’s Act III duet or the Mime/Wanderer scene, I’d take Krauss or Keilberth. I’m not sure I’d want to be without either, and I certainly wouldn’t want to have to choose.

If one compares ‘Live’ and ‘Studio’, things become more blurred too. I feel somewhat cheated by Blythe’s review of the Bohm ring, where he raves along the lines of ‘you just feel as though you’re in the house at Bayreuth’ and then, as I listened to the finale of Gotterdammung (still, one of my favourite versions, though), clearly hearing the edit between two available takes. I often wish, on these records, they’d write a note telling us just how ‘Live’ the disc is; I found myself wondering that with the recent Keilberth Siegfried (though if there were any edits there I did not detect them). My point though, is that if you ‘cheat’ in this manner and take out some of the noises or mistakes, aren’t you surely at the same time compromising that special performance?

To make matters worse there is ‘Studio but sort of live’. I have a number of Mackerras discs which come from recording projects which where either just prior to, or just after, his doing the same work in concert. Moreover, in the case of Clemenza and the Mozart 12th and 17th concerti (and hopefully the forthcoming Makropolus Case), I went to the concerts, which makes them special in an altogether different way. But, one can surely assume that a different energy will be present if the artists are gearing up to, or have just done, the concerts. Graham bemoans the lack of Kleiber’s studio ‘perfection’, and I would probably agree there is less of it, though many of my Mackerras recordings (to these ears, anyway) come reasonably close, as does the recent Uchida/Tate/ECO survey of Mozart concerti (I wouldn’t say it of all the works in the set, but many, particularly the early works, are wonderfully beautiful)

Reading back, I don’t know if I’ve said anything terribly interesting, and I certainly haven’t come to any kind of conclusion (though I don’t think there’s anything terribly bad about that). All have different plusses and minuses; I have recordings in each category that I absolutely treasure.

regards, Tam

p.s. One last note – because there’s no reason why this should be a thread exclusively about classical music (I would not that Jazz, in particular, is often more special live – my favourite Bill Evans discs are his live efforts). I have two recordings of Dark Side of the Moon, the original and the second disc of ‘Pulse’ which is a live recording. The latter is inferior in every possible way (though there are probably other reasons, such as a differing lineup).
Posted on: 26 March 2006 by graham55
Tam

The point that I was trying to make is that some musical giants were able to achieve near 'perfection' in a recording studio that simply could not be replicated 'live'.

I was thinking of such classics as the de Sabata/Callas Tosca, Pollini's Beethoven Sonatas 28 to 32, the Solti Ring, etc (as well as Kleiber's studio recordings). The musicians in question spent weeks (or more) striving for something that may be unattainable and were not (presumably) just continually rerecording and having the tapes enlessly edited. Turning to the pop world, The Beatles could never have produced 'live' their later studio work.

Much of the reason for classical record companies issuing 'live' recordings is surely that it is simply too expensive to take the musicians into the studio these days. (And I fear that, for many of the musicians in question, it would be a waste of time anyway, as they would have run out of ideas after a couple of run throughs.)

This may explain the fact that most of my CDs are reissues.

Graham
Posted on: 26 March 2006 by Tam
I see what you mean. I agree that the reason for all these live recordings is one of cost.

Then again, the Haitink Ring was done fairly recently in the studio, and, in some respects is exceeds Solti's achievement (though it is holed below the waterline by a terrible Brunnhilde).

I also wonder whether having those 'perfect' studio efforts is always helpful. I now do not listen to CDs of a work if I am about to hear it in concert because often it cannot live up and I end up disappointed.

Of course, I think I've mentioned in other threads some works (such as Britten's Paul Bunyan) are always going to work better in the studio. And the recent Domingo Tristan wouldn't have been possible in the concert hall. But that was probably only possible because Domingo is such a big name.

regards, Tam
Posted on: 26 March 2006 by u5227470736789439
Dear Tam,

I agree completely about your classifications of live. An edited recording of a series of live recrdings hardly counts as live in my opinion, as it ha non of the continuity of a real performance, and non of the advantages of the studio. Both real unedited performances and studio efforts have advantages over each other, ususally.

It seems some artists actually could produce the good live better than in the studio - Furtwangler for eample - and certainly I prefer bothe Klemperer and Boult in the live setting.

On the other hand an artist of the integrity of Klemperer must have given his record producer pause for though. A nice Klemperer story from his recording of the Eight Symphony in F by Beethoven, (which I must get again):

During a take of the last movement something went wrong in the Horns. Klemperer knew it and so did Walter Legge the EMI producer.

Phone conversation:

WL: There was a fault at [the cue point in the score], which we would like to cover. Can we go from six after letter F, please?

OK: No! we will take the whole movement!

WL: Why? We can join the tape.

OK: Yes and print, 'conducted by Walter Legge on the record labels!,

The Movement was retaken from the begining, and that is what is in the recording!

No one fooled about with Klemperer, not even that most interventionist of record producers, Walter Legge!

Fredrik
Posted on: 26 March 2006 by Tam
Fredrik,

Lovely story!

Still, it isn't quite so bad as having Schwarzkopf in to sing the high notes of Flagstad (and she didn't even get her name on the sleeve).

You're quite right, of course, that some artists do capture better live. I agree that in many cases Furtwangler was better live; though Tristan must be the exception that proves the rule. Then there are some who would go into the recording studio only reluctantly. The notes in my Decca Original Masters set for Erich Kleiber have him describing recordings as the 'tinned food' of music. Still, it's as well he was persuaded of the merit of if every now and again. I believe Curzon was also famously tricky to get into the Recording studio (although given they've not reached, I think 3 boxes in that series, I wonder how true that can have been).

Live recording can have serious dangers - the night the BBC were taping the Scottish Opera ring (or, more specifically, Rheingold) there was some rather annoying feeback from some person's hearing aid. Then again, when I listened to the broadcast (and again on the cds I didn't make of it) I can't detect it (and I know they only taped the one performance).

regards, Tam
Posted on: 27 March 2006 by graham55
Tam

I've never really understood why Scwarzkopf's interpolated high notes for Flagstad causes such consternation. We wouldn't have had Flagstad's performance at all without them. But, more to the point, why does it matter?

Music lovers shold forever be grateful that Erich Kleiber was tempted twice into the recording studio to record the 'Eroica'. It's just a crying shame that some idiot technician accidentally wiped the stereo tapes of the later Vienna recording. I believe that his "tinned food" remark was along the lines that, if he wanted asparagus, he'd rather eat it fresh than out of a tin.

Best wishes.

Graham
Posted on: 27 March 2006 by Tam
Graham,

It's not I mind them using her for the high notes, more that they did it and didn't tell anyone. I still think it's the one of the great opera recordings of all time (and, once again, something that could not but have been achieved in the studio). That said, there are one or two points when I do notice the change.

I think you're right about the tinned food remark, but I don't have the liner notes where I read it with me at work, I'll post the quote when I get home.

regards, Tam
Posted on: 27 March 2006 by graham55
Tam

".....achieved other than in the studio...." perhaps?

Graham
Posted on: 27 March 2006 by u5227470736789439
Dear Tam, and Graham,

I read what E Schwartzkopf had to say about it, and she certainly did give the impression of feeling hard done by over not being credited at the time.

She said she had done it to help a collegue, who was having a crisis over whether she could still sing these notes perfectly. Without that aid, we certainly would not have the recording. There were a number of issues surounding the set. Flagstad insisted that Legge produce, even though she was aware of the antagonism between Furtwangler and the record producer.

It could easily not have happened at all, and Furtwangler's relations with Legge (whom he compared unfavourably with Goebbels, as a master!) were so strained that he sacked the producer as soon as the Tristan sessions were over before the alotted time. Before continuing, David Bicknell was brought in, in the coninuing seesions of Mahler songs with Dieskau, later the same day.

But Furtwangler actually gave the credit for the success of the enterprise entirely to Legge and Flagstad, which was quite generous under the circumstances, I would have thought at least as far as Legge was concerned.

All the best from Fredrik